物体表面光泽和物体表面的粗糙程度紧密相关。光线射到物体表面上时，一部分会被物体吸收，一部分会发生反射和散射，还有部分会发生折射。物体表面的粗糙度越小，则被反射的光线越多，光泽度越高。相反，如果物体表面凹凸不平，被散射的光线增多，导致光泽度降低。
The surface gloss of an object is closely related to its roughness. When light hits the surface of an object, some of it will be absorbed by the object, some of it will be reflected and scattered, and some of it will be refracted. The smaller the roughness of the object surface, the more light is reflected and the higher the glossiness is. On the contrary, if the surface of the object is uneven, the scattered light will increase, resulting in the decrease of glossiness.